Internal-combustion engine



Apr; 3, 1923'. 1,450,400.

A. L. WOLFF.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

.FlLED APR. 21. 1917- 3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

I Milli/45$- liq? 65 A. L. WOLFF. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

vFILED APR.2I, 1917.

U M O O 0665 49 E :26 o

5 I 1M 16 20 V I I M v I w 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

E is

Apr. 3, 1923. 1,450,400.}

A. L. WOLFF.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

' um) APR.21. 1917. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Egg 21 Li? F 2 x IQ, 57 i LBJ L Patented Apr. 3, 1923.

UNITED STATES AUG'UST L. woLr'r', on CHICAGO, ILLrNoIs.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTIdN ENGINE.

Application filed April 21, 1917. Serial'No. 163,704.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, AUoUs'r L. WoLrr, a citizen of the United States, and aresident oftlhicago, in thecounty of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines of a type in which one or more kinds of hydro-carbon liquid fuel. may be employed toproduce the combustible mixture used as explosive charges, and it consists in certain peculiarities of the construction, novel arrangement, combination and operation of the various parts thereof, as will be hereinafter more fully set forth and specifically claimed.

The principal'objects of the invention are,

to providean internal combustion engine, in which low grade liquid fuel of one or more kinds, may be utilized as the motive fluid therefor, insucha' way, as to render the engine very efiicient, powerful and satisfactory in its operation; to provide means for vaporizing liquid fuel, by the heat of the engine-cylinders and to cause the vapor to pass into the carburetor for carburization purposes, and from thence into the combustion chambers; to furnish means for auto matically operating certain of the valves, by a thermostat actuated by the heat of the cylinders; to provide means for surrounding the cylinders with liquid fuel, instead of water and for automatically circulating said fuel around andin contact with the cylinders, to the end, that the latter will be uniformly heated, and may be raised to a high temperature; to. automatically and thermostatically regulate or control the temperature of the cylinders, to furnish means for automatically cooling the vapor as it enters the carbureter so as to reduce the temperatureoftho charges entering the cylinders; to furnish means for regulating the level of the liquid fuel in the receptacle.

therefor around the cylinders; and to provide nieansfo-r automatically selecting the kinds of fuel to be'used.

Qther objects and advantages of the invention, will be disclosed in the sub-joined description and explanation. p In the accompanying drawings which serve to illustrate an embodiment of the inve'nti' If,

Fig. 1, is a plan view of the engine showing the partsin about the positions they will occupy when theengine is ready to be started.

Fig. 2, is a view partly in section and partly in elevation taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction indicated by the arrows.

Fig. 3, is a plan sectional view taken on line of Fig. 2. I

Fig. 41-, is a vertical sectional view partly in elevation, taken on line t-A! of Fig. 1, looking in the direction indicated by the arrows, showing the means for controlling and cooling the vaporized fuel in its passage from the vaporizing chamber or casing therefor to the carbureter..

Fig. 5, is a sectional view talren on line 5--5 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction indicated by the arrows showing" a portionof.

the top of the vaporizing casing and a valve therein for controlling the admission of air to said casing.

Fig. 6, is a. vertical sectional view taken on line 6+6 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction indicated by the arrows, showing the valved means for S8l6Ctl11Q,ll1 l supplying different kinds of fuel to the carbureter.

7, is plan sectional view taken on line 77 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8, is a face view of the pulleys if d an endless belt engaging the same used for the circulation of air externally of the liquid fuel holding or vaporizing casing and for circulating the liquid fuel. within said cas mg, respectively. 1

Fig. 9, is a greatly enlarged frae'mental sectional view taken on line 99 or Fig. 3, looking in the direction indicated by the ar rows showin the pump or means for circulating liquid fuel in the casing therefor, and

Fig. 10, is a greatly enlarged sectional view partly Tl'l elevation, taken on line 1()1\} of F 1., looking in, thcdirect on indicated by. the arrows, showing a valve in the air inlet pipe and the mea ..or conrial, but by preference, oblong in shape, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawings. This casing or receptacle is provided externally with a series of ribs or fins for the purpose of increasing radiation and are located horizontally on the walls of the casing and longitudinally on the top thereof. The bottom of the casing 15 is downwardly inclined to one of the side walls thereof and is provided with an' opening in its lowermost portion in which is located a drain cook 17 which may be used for the discharge of sediment or impurities which may collect in said casing or receptacle. In the lower portion of each of the sides of the casing 15 is provided an opening 18 each of which is closed by a plate 19 detachably" secured to the walls of the casing around said openings by means of screw-bolts 20 which are passed through suitable openings in said plates and engage the similar openings in the walls of the casing. These openings and removable plates therefor are employed to permit of access to the interior of the casing15 for cleaning the same. Extended vertically through suitable openings in the bottom of the casing or receptacle 15 are engine cylinders 21, which may be of any desired number, but in the present instance, I have shown two only. These cylinders are extended to near the upper end of the casing 15 and are equipped with reciprocating pistons of any desired kind which may be operated in any well-known way, such as, by means of suitable connectionsuniting said pistons and the crankshaft 22 of the engine which is located below the said cylinders. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings, the cylinders 21 are spaced apart and also spaced from the walls of the casing 15 and have located between them, and by preference in contact therewith, a vertical cylinder 23 which is preferably screw-threaded in a. suitable opening in the top of the casing 15 and extends to near the bottom of said casing, The cylinder 23 is spaced from the wall of the casing 15 adjacent thereto and has its upper end closed by means of a removable cover 241 through a suitable opening in which is freely extended a rod 25 which is pivotally connected at its lower end to the upper portion of a yoke-bracket 26 with which the upper end of a gasometer or inverted cup-shaped receptacle 2? is provided. As shown in Fig. 2, the member 27 is slightly downwardly flared so as to fit snugly at its lower portion within the cylinder 23, and has its lower end open. The upper portion of the receptacle 27 is of slightly less diameter than the internal diameter of the cylinder 23 and is provided with a packing-ring 28 to prevent the escape of fluid from below said packing-ring yet to afford means to permit of the movement of the member 27' or thermostat, which is composed of the cylinder 23, the member 27, and the elements contained by the last-named member. Located vertically between one of the cylinders 21 and the vertical wall of the casing 15 opposite the thermostatic cylinder 23 is a partition 29 which by preference, extends from the bottom of the casing 15 to a point within said casing above the point to which the level or upper surface of the liquid therein may rise. This partition is provided with an opening 30 through which the liquid fuel contained by the casing 15 will be forced by means of a rotary pump- 31 of a propeller type, which is mouned 0n the inner end of a shaft 32 which is extended through an opening in a. screw-plug 33 horizontally mounted ina. suitable opening 341 provided within a boss 35 with which the casing or receptacle 15 is provided on one of its walls, which, when the engine is employed on a vehicle, such as an automobile, will be the front wall thereof. Mounted on the outer end of the shaft 32 is a grooved pully 36 which is geared, preferably by means of an endless belt 37 to a grooved pulley 38 and a similar pulley 39, see Figs. 1, 3 and 8 of the drawings. The pulley 38 is mounted on ashaft 40 horizontally journaled in a bearing 41 extended from the cas-' ing 15 near and in the same direction of the boss or hearing 35 for said pump shaft. The pulley 39 is journaled on and near one end of the crank-shaft 22 which shaft is journaled in suitable bearings 1-2 located below the cylinders of the engine. Mounted on the shaft 10 is a fan 43, which when the same is driven will force air towards the casing or receptacle 15 and cause it to pass there-over and around with suitable velocity for the purpose of reducing the temperature of said casing. Mounted on the top of the casing or receptacle 15 near the intakeside thereof are upwardly extended brackets 44 in the upper portion of which is journaled a rock-shaft 15 which extends at one of its ends from near the pulley 36 to near the opposite end or portion of the casing 15 or engine. Rigidly fixed on the shaft 45 near the pulley 36 is an arm 16 which has journaled on its free portion a grooved idler or pulley 4-.7 which is located in the path of the belt 37 so to contact therewith, under certain conditions, as will be pres ently explained. Mounted on the top of the receptacle or casing 15 near the opposite side thereof from the brac ets 14 are a number of upright brackets 1-8 on the upper end of each of which is pivotally secured an arm. 19 which extend in parallelism with one another and transversely with respect to the casing or receptacle 15, as will be readily understood by reference to Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings. The outer end of each of the arms 49 is connected to the upper end is provided with an inlelopening 52 for ad" mission of exglosive charges to the combustion chambers of said cylinders. These openings are controlled by valves 53 on a pair of arms 49, and said openings 52 connect with inlet ports 54: which lead from said openings through a conduit mounted on the top of the casing 15 extended laterally theretrom as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings. Each oi the cylinders 21 is provided in its upper portion with an exhaust port or opening 56 which communicates with branch members or conduits 57 of the exhaust pipe 58 which members are extended laterally in the opposite direction from that of the conduit and are connected with the exhaust pipe 58 in any suitable manner. The exhaust openings 56 are closed by suitable valves 58 mounted on and carried by the inner ends of another pair of the arms 19. Extended upwardly from the middie upper portion of the wall of the casing 15 standard 59 on the upper end of which is tulcrumed a bellcrank-lever to the other arm 60 of which is pivotally connected the upper endo'f the rod 25 which is connected at lower end to the bracket 26 of the member 27 of the thermostat. The other or upper arm61 of said bell-cranklever has pivotally connected thereto one end of a rod 62 the other end of which is pivotally connected to an arm 63 which is fixed on the rock-shaft 45 near the valve controlling mechanism for the inlet of difierent kinds of fuel. Another arm- 64: is fixed on said shaft and is pivotally connected at its free end in a slot of a projection 65 on a vertically movable tube 66 which is held for vertical movement by means of a bracket 67 mounted on the wall ofthecasing 15 adjacent to the inlet thereof. Telescopically fitted in the upper end of the tube 66 is the lower portion of a fuel supply pipe which leads from a suitable source-of communication. therewith a float valvefleas: mg 70, the upper end of which may be closed adjacent to the cylinder 23 is a by a suitable" cover'7l through a suitable opening in which is loosely extended the lower portion of the tube 66 as is clearly shown in Fig- 2 of the drawings. The lower end of the tube 66 has mounted thereon a collar 72 which is surrounded by a tubular portion 73 of a fl0at-valve 7 1 which is located in the lower portion of the casing therefor and has a central vertical opening 7 5 communicating with the passage-ways of the tubes or pipes 66 and 69 respectively. The upper end of the said tubular portion 73' is provided with an inturned annular flange 7 6 which surrounds the movable tube 66'just above the collar '72 thereon. The tubular portion 73 is provided with ports 76 located diametrically opposite each other so as to permit of the passage of liquid fuel from the tube 66 into the casing 70 and from thence through the tube 69 into the casing 15 or vaporizer. Mounted on the top of the casing 15, and by preference between the inlet valves 53 is a valve casing 77 which has a port 78 leading to a casing 79 which is connected toone end of a pipe 80 which pipe communicatesat its other end -with a carbureter casing .81 as will-be readily understood by reference to Figs. 2 and i of the drawings. Located in the chamber of the casing 77 is a ball-valve 82 and said chamher also has therein a rotary valve 83 the stem 84 of which extends through the cover of said valve casing and has mounted thereon an arm 85 to which is connected one end of a rod 86 which may lead to any suit able point for operating the said rotary or throttle valve. This valve has a port 87 to register with the port 78 when it is desired to supply a vaporized fuel to the carbureter. Located in the casing 7 9 is a rotary valve 88 which has ports 89and 9O communicating with the ports 78, pipe 80 and the end of a coil 91 which is mounted on the upper portion of the casing 7 9 and has its ends in communication therewithas is clearly shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings. The valve 88 also has 'a port 92 for communication with the pipe. 80 and end of the cooling coil 91 when said valveis turned to the proper position. This valve has a stem 93 extended through the casing79,.see Fig. 1 of the drawings. Mounted onthe stem 93 is an arm 94: towhichis pivotally connected one end of a link95 the otheren'd of which is pivotally connected to the upper end of an. arm 96 which is fixed on the shaft 45 so as to be rocked thereby.

Referring. now to Figs. 1, 6 and 7 of the drawings, will'be seenthat the carbureter casing 81' has mounted on its upper portion a valve mechanism' for selecting and controllingthe inlet of different kinds of liquid fuel. Thismechanism consists of an upe It valve est 551119 45 ma me -v. 1

'the' cai'burete'i casing above an'opehing98 in the free end of which is pivotally connected one end of a link 1023 the other end of which link is pivotally connected to an arm 104; fixed on the rock-shaft 15 at a suitable point. (,lommunicating with the casing 97 through ports 105, 106 and 107 are a number of tubes or pipes 108, 109 and 110 which lead to supplies of different kinds of liquid fuel, not shown. The valve 100 hasa port 111 located in its wall at a point to register with the ports 105 to 107 inclusive, when the said valve is turned to a proper point, and it will be understood that the port 111 is of sufiicient size to communicate, if desired, with two of the ports 105, 106 and 107, at the same time. Located within the cavity of the valve 100 and resting on the floor of the casing 97 is a segmental valve 112 which has a stem 113 extended through an opening in the valve stem 101 and has secured on its upper portion an arm 114 to the other end of which is pivotally connected a rod 115 leading to any suitable point, to be used for operating the throttle valve 112 so as to close one or more of the openings 99 in the bottom of the valve casing 97, to the end. that a suitable liquid fuel, or a combination of liquid fuels may be supplied through the pipes 108 to 110 inclusive, to the carbureter.

By the just last-above-named arrangement. it is evident, that if a certain kind of liquid fuel, for instance, should be desired to be supplied to the carbureter, in conjunction with the vaporized fuel from the casing 15. the valve 100 can be placed in about the position shown in Fig. 7, when it is obvious that the liquid fuel, for example of a low grade may be permitted to pass through the pipe 108. ports 105 and 111 and openings 99 into the carbureter and 'commingled with the vaporized fuel. If it is desired to admit a charge or quantity of another grade of fuel to the carburetor, the valve 100 may be turned so that its port 111 may register with either the port 106 or the port 107, or if it is desired to admit a combination of different kinds of liquid fuels, the valve 100 may be turned so that its port 111 will communicate at the same time with two of the ports in communication with the pipes 108 to 110 inclusive. The quantity of such liquid admitted to the carbureter, may be regulated by turning the throttle valve 112 so as to close one or more of the openings 99 in the bottom of the valve casing, and if it is desired to shut off the supply of fuel, the throttle valve 112 can be turned to a position for accomplishing this end. Located in the plug 118 and supplied to the interior of the casing 15 when said air is necessary.

Referring again to Fig. 2, with special reference to the float-valve and its mechanism, it will be understood that when the parts are in the positions shown, the lower end of the tubes 66 will meet the upper end of the part 121 of the float, thus preventing the passage of liquid into the casing 70; but

as soon as the tube 66 is raised or the float lowered, the liquid will pass between said ends and through the ports 76 into the said casing and from thence into the vaporizer.

The conduit '7 5 in the part 121 of the float, has located therein a ball-valve 122 which is used for the purpose of relieving the vaporizer of excess pressure, for it will be understood, that the excess pressure created when the engine is stopped will force liquid up through the pipe 69 into the casing 70, and from thence into the lower end of the opening 75, thus unseating the valve 122 and allowing the liquid to pass up through the pipes 66 and 68 into the supply receptacle. As soon as the excess pressure is removed, the ball-valve will resume its seat, and thus leave the liquid in the casing 15 at a lower level, thus allowing the cylinders to heat up quicker when the engine is restarted than if the liquid in said casing were at a higher level.

Communicating at one of its ends with the carbureter casing 81 is an air intake conduit or pipe 123 which is projected at its other end over the exhaust pipe 58 and is provided at said end with an opening to receive warm air from the last named pipe. The air intake pipe or conduit 123 is provided at a point near one end of the rockshaft l5 with an opening 124- for the inlet of cool or atmospheric air. and said opening has pivotally secured therein at one its ends a leaf valve 125, the stem 126 of which is horizontally and transversely extended through the lower portion of the pipe 123 and has fixed on one of its ends an arm 127 to the other end of which is pivotally connected a link 128 the other end of which is connected to one end of an arm 129 the other end of which is fixed on said rockshaft.

The cylinder 23 of the thermostat has located therein a spiral spring 130, which Zing theimember 27 downwardly, direction ofv its movement on the contractirui of the expansion fluid contained by said member. may be air or any other suitable expansive rests at one of its ends against the cover of said cylinder and itsother end against the top of the member 27, so as to assist in forcor in the The fluid within saidniember medium, or a combination of such mediums. llhe upper end of the men'iber 27 is pro vided with a port 131 which is closed by a valve 132, which has a stem 133 projecting towards the bracket 26, and surrounded by a coiled spring 134% which rests at one of its ends againstsaid bra *lret and at its other end against the top of said member, so as to hold the valve normallyin its seated position. This valve is used. for the purpose of relieving; excessive pressure. in the thermostat caused by a superfluous ipiantity of expanding; medium contained 111 the cylinder it is understood that the spring 13 1 is. of

suiiicient tension to. hold the valve 132 closed vder 23.

From the foregoing description and explanation and by reference to the drawings,

it will be readily understood and clearly seen, that theoperation of the engine will be substantially as follows Assuming: that the parts are in about the positions shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the I drawings, and that the casing 15 has been supplied with the desired amount of any suitable kind of liquid fuel, and that the throttle-valve 112 in the casing 97 has been turnedby means of the rod 115, so as to close all of the openings 99 communicating with the carbureter, and it is desired to start the engine, the crank-shaft may be turned by hand or otherwise, which opera- 1 tion will actuate the connecting parts therewith so, that by moving the valve 112 in order to open oneor more of the openings 99, acharpge of highly volatile liquid fuel will be admitted to the carburetor and commingled with the iii-rush of 1 air passing therethroupgh from the pipe 123 or air inlet, As the engine continues its operation, the cylinders thereof will become heated, by reason of the explosions therein to such an extent to raise the temperature of the liquid rluel surrounding said cylinders and contained by the casing 15, so as to evaporate the said liquid. The throttle valve 83 being open as shown, will permit vapor to pass from the casing through the valve casing 77, valve casing; 79 and pipe 5-10, to the carthereto and by reason of the liquid fuel, thus causing expansion of the elements or mediums contained therein, to the end, that the thermostat will be operatedby the increase and decrease in the temperature of the cylinders, the movement of the member 27 be ing assisted. on the decrease of temperature by the spring 130. On suihcient expansion of the elements of the thermostat, the rockshaft will be rocked through the instrumentality of the thermostat andits connections with said shaft, so that the valve 125 in the air inlet pipe 123 will be moved so as to regulate the intake of warm and cool air, or to shut off the intake of warm air; and so that the valve 100 in the casing 97, will through its connections with saidcshaft, be rotated to sucha position as to admit of the passage of a highly volatile fuel at a low temperature of the cylinders, and then to be gradually rotated to admit of a less highly volatile fuel, or a combination of the highly and less highly volatile fuels; andso that the movable pipe 66, through its connections with the rock-shaft 45, will be raised to admit liquid to the chamber of the casing 70, in order to raisethe liquid level in the easing 15, and alsoto lowerjthe pipe 66, onthe lowering of the temperature ofthe cylinders to maintain its lower end in contact with the upper end of the part 121 of the float, so as to keep the liquid'level in the casing 15 at substantially a point to which the liquid level has been forced by the excess pressure heretofore referred to; and so that the valve 88 in the valve casing 79, will through its connections with the rock-shaft 15, be gradually rotated or operated so as to vary the quantity of fuel vapor passing through the valve 88vfromtheport 78 into the carburet-er, and so as topermit a portion or all a of the vapor to pass through the cooling coil 91, from the casing 15, to the carbureter;

and so that the idler arm 46, will through its connection with said shaft be operated so as to cause the idler 17 t'o-bear on the slack belt 37, and cause said belt to become taut and to drive the pulleys 36 and 38 and thereby set in motion thepump 31 and fan 43, to the end, that said pump will cause circulation of the liquidfuel within the casing 15. around and in contact with the cylinders and thermostat, and so that the fan 43 will force air around and over the casing 15 or vaporizer.

In order to prevent vacuum or suction pressure within the casing 15, caused by the withdrawal of vapor from said casing to the cylinders by reason of the suction in the cylinders produced by the action of the pistons therein, the automatically operated air admission valve 116 shown in Figs. 1 and 5 of the drawings is employed to prevent the suction from raising the level of the liquid fuel in the casing 15 or vaporiaer.

Referring again to Fig. 4 of the drawing it will be understood that the valve 88 in the valve casing 79, which supports the radiator or cooling conduit 91, may be rotated to bring the port 89 in and out of communication with the port 78 thus regulating the quantity of vapor passing through said valve from the casing 15 to the cylinders.

lVhile I have illustrated and described an embodiment of the invention in a form of construction for carrying it into effect, yet it is capable of variations and modifications without departing from the spirit of the invention. I, therefore, do not wish to be limited to the precise details of the construction as set forth and disclosed, but desire to avail myself of such variations, modifications and modes of its use as come within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus explained the nature of my said invention and described a way of constructing and using the same, altho without attempting to set forth all the forms in which it may be made or all the modes of its use, what I claim is:

1. An internal combustion engine including in combination a cylinder, a source of liquid fuel supply, a casing around the cylinder in communication with the cylinder and the source of fuel supply, a float and a valve controlling the fuel level in the casing, a valve controlling the quantity of fuel admitted to the cylinder from the casing and a thermostat actuated by the heat of the cylinder regulating the valve, to regulate the quantity of fuel admitted into the cylinder from the casing in proportion to the temperature variation of the cylinder.

2. An internal combustion engine including in combination a cylinder, a source of liquid fuel supply, a casing around the cylinder in communication with the cylinder and the source of fuel supply, a valve and a float controlling the fuel level in the casing, a radiator cooling fuel admitted to the cylinder from the casing, a valve regulating the quantity of fuel circulating through the radiator and a thermostat actuated in proportion to the temperature variation of the cylinder operating the valve to regulate the temperature of the fuel admitted to the cylinder in proportion to the temperature variation of the cylinder.

An internal combustion engine including in combination a cylinder, a source of liquid fuel supply, a casing around the cylinder in communication with the cylinder and the source of fuel supply, a radiator cooling fuel admitted to the cylinder from the casing, a valve controlling the quantity of fuel admitted to the cylinder from the casing and controlling the quantity of fuel circulated through the radiator and a thermostat operated in proportion to the temperature variation of the cylinder operating the valve, to vary the quantity of the fuel and the temperature of the fuel admitted to the cylinder in proportion to the temperature variation of the cylinder.

4. An internal combustion engine including in combination a. cylinder, at source of liquid fuel supply, a float and a valve controlling the fuel level in the casing, a thermostat actuated in proportion to the temperature variation of the cylinder regulating the position of the float, to regulate the fuel level in the casing in proportion to the temperature variation of the cylinder.

5. An internal combustion engine including in combination a cylinder, a source offuel supply, a casing around the cylinder in communication with the cylinder and the source of fuel supply, a valve and a float controlling the fuel level in the casing, a movable fuel supply tube coacting with the float regulating the float, and a thermostat actuated in proportion tothe temperature variation of the cylinder operating the movable tube, to vary the fuel level in the easing in proportion to the temperature variation of the cylinder.

6. An internal combustion engine including in combination a cylinder, a source of fuel supply, a casing around the cylinder in communication with the cylinder and the source of fuel supply, a valve and a float controlling the fuel level in the casing and means adapted to vary the position of the valve and the float in proportion to the variation of the temperature of the cylinder to vary the fuel level in the casing in proportion to the variation of the temperature of the cylinder.

7. An internal combustion engine including in combination a cylinder, a source of fuel supply, a casing around the cylinder in communication with the cylinder and the source of fuel supply, a valve and afloat controlling the admission of fuel into the casing, a conduit adapted to convey fuel from the casing to the source of supply with expansion pressure in the casing and means to vary the position of the valve and the float in proportion to the temperature variation of the cylinder to normally maintain the fuel in the, casing at a low level during low temperature of the cylinder and at a high level during high temperature of the cylinder.

8. An internal combustion engine including in combination cylinders, a source of inders, and a thermostat actuated in propor-,

tion to the variation of the heat of the cylinders regulating the operation of the pump. An lnternal combustion engine including in combination a cylinder, a source of liquid fuel supply, a casing around the cylinder in communication with the cylinder and the source of fuel supply, a float, a valve and a movable conduit co-acting With the float "controlling the fuel level in the casing, a conduit and a valve in the conduit adapted to convey fuel from the casing to the source of sup-ply to reduce the fuel level in the casing and means to thermally regulate the admission of fuel into the casing and the conveying of fuel from the casing to the source of supply with the heat of the cylinder.

10, An internal combustion engine including in combination a cylinder, a plurality of sources of .fuel supply of different qualities in communication with the cylinder, a valve adapted to communicate a varying number of the sources of fuel supply in varying proportions of their capacities with the cylinder, a valve adapted to vary the quantity of fuel in communication with the cylinder and a thermostat actuated by the heat of the cylinder operating the valves to vary the quality and the quantity of fuel in communication with the cylinder in proportion to the temperature variation of the cylinder.

11. An internal combustion engine in cluding in combination a cylinder, a source of fuel supply, a casing around the cylinder in communication with the cylinder and the source of fuel supply, a valve-and a float controlling the fuel level in the casing, radiator cooling fuel vapor entering the cylinder from the casing, a valve controlling the quantity of fuel vapor circulating through the radiator and a thermostat-actuated by the heat of the cylinder operating the valve to regulate the temperature of the fuel'vapor admitted to the cylinder in proportion to the temperature variation of the cylinder.

12. An internal combustion engine including in combination cylinders, a source of liquid fuel supply, a casing around the cylinders in communication With the cylinders and the source of fuel supply, a valve.

and a float controlling the fuel level in the casing, a radiator cooling fuel vapor enter-- ing the cylinders from the casing, a valve controlling the quantity of fuel vapor circulating through the radiator, anda thermostat actuated by the heat of the liquid fuel exposed to the heating action of the cylinders to regulate the temperatureof the fuel vapor admitted to the cylinders in proportion to, the temperature variation of the liquid fuel in the casing.

13. An internal combustion engine ineluding in combination cylinders, a source of fuel supply, a'casing exposed to the heat of the cylinders in communication with the cylinders and the source of fuel supply, a valve and a float controlling the fuel level. in the casing, a conduit and a valve in the conduit acapted to convey fuel from the casing to the source of fuel supply and means for operating the valves with the variation of the heat of the fuel in the ing to vary the fuel. level in the casing with the heat of fuel in the casing exposed to the heat'of the cylinders.

14L. An internal combustion engine including in combination cylinders, a casing in communication with the cylinders and a sourceof liquid fuel supply, a valve, a float co-acting With the valve, a movable tube in communication with the cylinders and coacting with the float and a thermostat actuated by the heat of the engine in operative engagementvvith the movable tube for thermostatically controlling the fuel level in the casing with the heat of the engine.

15. An internal combustion engine including in combination a cylinder, a source of fuel supply, a casing around the cylinder in communicationwith the cylinderand the source of fuel supply. a thermostat actuated by the heat of the cylinder, a valve controlling the quantity of fuel entering the cylinder from the casing operated by the thermostat, to thermostatically regulate the quantity of fuel admitted to the cylinder With the heat of the cylinder.

16. An internal combustion engine including in combination a cylinder, a source of fuel supply, a fuel vaporizing casing in communication with the cylinder and the source of fuel supply, a float and avalve co-acting with thefloat controlling the fuel level in the casing, a thermostat actuated in proportion to thetemperature variation of the cylinder and means adapted to vary the position of the float with the thermostat, to vary the fuel level in the casing.

17. An internal combustion engine including in combination cylinders, a casing around the cylinders in communication with the cylinders and a source of liquid fuel supply, a valve controlling the quantity of fuel vapor entering'the cylinders and controlling the quantity of fuel vapor circulating therethrough, a radiator cooling fuel vapor entering the cylinders from said casing and a thermostat actuated directly by the heat of the cylinders engaging with and operating said valve. I

18. An internal combustion engine includ ing in combination cylinders, a casing around the cylinders in communication with the cylinders and a source of liquid fuel supply, a radiator cooling fuel vapor entering the cylinders from said casing, a valve controlling the quantity of fuel vapor circulating through the radiator and a thermostat actuated by the heat of the liquid exposed to the heating action of the cylinders engaging with and operating said valve.

19. an internal combustion engine including in combination a cylinder, a source of.

fuel supply, a casing in communication with the cylinder and the source of fuel supply, a thermostat actuated by the heat of the cylinder, a float, and a valve co-acting with the float controlling the admission of fuel into the casing and means operated by the thermostat varying the position of the float, to vary the fuel level in the casing in proportion to the temperature variation of the cylinder.

20. An internal combustion engine including in combination, a cylinder, a source of fuel supply, a casing in communication with the cylinder and the source of fuel supply, a thermostat actuated by the heat of the products of combustion, a float, and a valve co-acting with the float controlling the admission of fuel into the casing and means operated by the thermostat regulating the position of the float to regulate the fuel level in the casing in proportion to the temperature variation of the products of combustion.

21. An internal combustion engine including in combination a cylinder, a source of fuelsupply, a casing in communication with the cylinder and the source of fuel supply and exposed to the heat of the products of combustion, a thermostat actuated by the heat of the fuel. in the casing, a valve and a float controlling the admission of fuel into the casing and means operated by the thermostat regulating the position of the float, to regulate the fuel level in the casing in proportion to the temperature variation of the fuel in the casin 22. An internal combustion engine including in combination a cylinder, a source of fuel supply, a casing exposed to the heat of the cylinder in communication with the cylinder and the source of fuel supply; a float, a valve and a movable conduit coacting with the float controlling the fuel level in the casing, a conduit in the float and a check valve in the conduit adapted to expel fuel from the easing into the source of fuel supply with expansion pressure in the casing, for expelling fuel from the casing with the heat of the cylinder to lower the fuel level in the casing.

23. An internal combustion engine including in combination a cylinder, a source of fuel supply, a casing exposed to the heat of the cylinder in communication with the cylinder andthe source of fuel supply, a float and a valve co-acting with the float controlling the admission of fuel into the casing, a movable conduit co-acting with the float communicating the source of fuel supply with the casing and controlling the position of the float; a conduit communicating the casing with the source of fuel supply adapted to convey fuel from the casing into the source of fuel supply with expansion pressure in the casing, a check valve in the latter conduit to check the admission of fuel through the conduit into the casing, for expelling fuel from the casing to reduce the fuel level in the casing with expansion pressure created by the heat of the cylinder.

24. An internal combustion engine including in combination a cylinder, a source of fuel supply, a casing around the cylinder in communication with the cylinder and the source of fuel supply, a float, a valve coacting with the float, a movable supply tube co-acting with the float in communication with the source of fuel supply and the casing and controlling the admission of fuel into the casing, a conduit and a check-valve in the conduit adapted to convey fuel from the casing into the source of fuel supply and a thermostat actuated by the heat of the cylinder in operative engagement with the movable tube, for regulating the fuel level in the casing with the heat of the cylinder.

25. An internal combustion engine including in combination a cylinder, a source of fuel supply, a casing around the cylinder in communication with the cylinder and the source of fuel supply, a float and a valve co-acting with the float controlling the fuel level in the casing and a thermostat actuated by the heat of the cylinder in operative communication with the float to vary the fuel level in the casing with the heat of the cylinder.

26. An internal combustion engine including in combination cylinders, a casing around the cylinders in communication with the cylinders and a source of fuel supply, a float, a valve co-acting with the float, a movable supply tube in communication with asource of fuel supply and the casing, and a thermostat actuated by the heat of the cylinders in operative engagement with the movable tube co-acting with the float and the valve for thermostatically controlling the admission of fuel into the casingwith the heat of the cylinders.

27. An internal combustion engine including in combination a cylinder, a source of fuel supply, a casing around the cylinder in communication with the cylinder and the source of fuel supply, a float, a valve co-acting with the float, a movable supply tube co-acting with the float in communication with the source of fuel supply and the casing, a conduit adapted to convey fuel from the casing to the source of fuel supply, a checkvalve in the conduit to check admission of fuel into the casing from the conduit, and a thermostat actuated by the heat of fuel exposed to the heat of the cylinder in operative engagement with the movable tube for varying the fuel level in the casing with the heat of the cylinder.

28. An internal combustion engine including in combination a cylinder, a fuel vaporizing casing around the cylinder to cool the cylinder and to vaporize fuel for consumption in the cylinder, a multiple fuel supply valve, means for thermostatically controlling the fuel level in the casing with the heat of the cylinder, and means for automatically supplying fuel of varying qualities to the casing with the multiple fuel supply valve actuated in proportion to the variation of the heat of the cylinder.

29. An internal combustion engine including a cylinder, :1 fuel vaporizing casing exposed to the heating action of the cylinder to vaporize fuel with the heat of the cylinder to cool the cylinder, a multiple fuel supply valve to supply varying proportions of different fuels of varying heat controlling qualities to said casing and 'a thermostat actuated by the heat of the cylinders to operate the fuel supply valve to vary the quality with the variation of the heat of the cylinder.

30. An internal combustion engine including a cylinder, a casing vaporizing fuel with the heat of the cylinder, means for thermostatically supplying varying proportions of fuel of different qualities to the casing and means for thermostatically controlling the heat of the cylinder.

31. An internal combustion engine including in combination cylinders, a casing around the cylinders in communication with the cylinders and a source of liquid fuel supply, a

float controlling the fuel level in said cas-' ing, a valve co-acting with said float and means for thermostatically operating said valve to open it to raise the liquid fuel level in the casing.

32. An internal combustion engine including in combination cylinders, a casing around the cylinders in communication with the cylinders and a source of liquid fuel supply, a float controlling the fuel level in said casing, a valve co-acting with said float and means for thermostatically operating said valve to close it for maintaining the fuel in the casing at a low level.

33. An internal combustion engine including in combination cylinders, a casing around the cylinders in communication with the cylinders and a source of liquid fuel supply, a float, a valve in the float, a movable supply tube and a thermostat actuated by the heat of the fuel exposed to the heat of the cylinders controlling the movable fuel supply tube co-acting with the float for controlling the fuel level in the casing with the heat of fuel exposed to the heat of the cylinders,

34. An internal combustion engine including in combination cylinders, a casing around the cylinders in communication with the cylinders and a source of liquid fuel supply, a radiator in communication with the cylinders and the casing, a valve controlling the quantity of fuel vapor admitted to the cylinders through the radiator and a thermostat in engagement with and operating said valve.

AUGUST L. WOLFF. Witnesses:

C. C. TILLMAN, L. E. PUZIEK. 

